difference between SAXS and WAXS

Small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) is elastic scattering of monochromatic x-rays on small scattering angles (up to a few degrees) and wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) is the same on larger scattering angles. X-ray diffraction is a type of WAXS (or sometimes also SAXS), where the scattering arises from crystals and produces Bragg peaks (diffraction peaks) as a function of the scattering angle (or spots or rings in 2D patterns). In single crystal diffraction the diffraction is only from one large crystal and the diffraction pattern is recorded in 2D.

The basic difference between SAXS and WAXS is the lengthscale they correspond to: WAXS detects ordering of individual atoms and SAXS probes larger structures based on electron density differences (e.g. proteins in solution or pores in a solid matrix). When using transmission geometry and a 2D detector, switching between SAXS and WAXS can be easily done by moving the detector closer to the sample.

source: https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_difference_between_SAXS_and_WAXS

distinguishing PTFE and 'Teflon'

Teflon is the best-known brand of PTFE.

PTFE film is a non-stick coating. PTFE tape is useful for sealing threads for pneumatic interlocks.



source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytetrafluoroethylene

SR44 vs LR44 coin cell batteries

Typically found in Calipers.


Digital calipers use a silver oxide button cell, typically the SR44 size, aka 357, 11.6mm diameter by 5.4mm high. A genuine SR44 or 357 cell is hard to find, and the alkaline LR44, which is the same size button, and same nominal voltage, is very common and easy to find. This alkaline LR44 cell is put into toys, laser pointers, etc., and has gotten very cheap because of the large quantities made in China. However, alkaline buttons have much less mAh capacity, and have a critical weakness when used in devices like digital calipers that quit working when battery voltage falls. Alkaline cells quickly "droop" their voltage (they have a non-flat discharge curve), compared to silver oxide, and thus don't run calipers for very long before the display fades or blinks from low voltage.

TLDR: SR44 lasts longer but rarer + more expensive. Difference due to constituent materials. Otherwise geometry and purpose is the same.

source: http://www.truetex.com/buttons.htm

tin-cure vs platinum-cure silicone mold making rubbers

The chemical difference between tin-cure (condensation cure) and platinum-cure (addition cure) silicone mold making rubbers lies mainly in the metal used to catalyze or cure the base rubber. The metal tin is used to catalyze or cure tin silicone, and platinum is used to cure platinum silicone rubber. Accordingly, tin-cure silicone rubbers are usually significantly less expensive than platinum-cure ones.


Considerations:
. Inhibition (due to impurities or contaminants)
. Shrinkage
. Library life
. Production life


source: https://www.smooth-on.com/support/faq/184/